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Toronto Neighbourhood Centres ("TNC") is an association of multi-service nonprofit neighbourhood centres located in communities across Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The current association includes 30 member agencies that provide supports to residents of their local geographic neighbourhoods, including social services, opportunities for association and enabling collective action to improve community conditions. Based on an historic "settlement house" model, these modern neighbourhood centres hold great promise for revitalizing community in a global era (see Yan, Miu Chung "Bridging the Fragmented Community: Revitalizing Settlement Houses in the Global Era", 2004 in ''Journal of Community Practice''Volume: 12 Issue: 1/2)(). The TNC was founded in 1998, emerging from a previous network named "TANS" - Toronto Association of Neighbourhood Services. TANS was established in the early 1950s as an association of six (and later seven) multi-service settlement houses located in the former City of Toronto. The first settlement houses were established in Toronto between 1894 and 1914, and included Fred Victor Centre (1894), University Settlement Recreation Centre (1910), Central Neighbourhood House (1911) and St. Christopher House (1912). All of these organizations are still active members of the current Toronto Neighbourhood Centres association. The settlement movement began in 1883 with the establishment of the first settlement house, Toynbee Hall in London, England. See references below for historical overview of the settlement movement. Further details about the current work of the Toronto association may be found on their website at www.neighbourhoodcentres.ca () Further information about the settlement house movement, including links to national associations established in a number of countries may be found on the website maintained by the International Federation of Settlement Houses and Neighbourhood Centres (IFS) at www.ifsnetwork.org () Further reading Addams, J. (1910) Twenty Years at Hull-House with Autobiographical Notes, New York Macmillan. Barnett, S. A. (1884) ‘Settlements of university men in great towns. A paper read at St John’s, Oxford on 17 November 1883’, Oxford: The Chronicle Company. Reprinted in J. A. R. Pimlott (1935) Toynbee Hall. Fifty years of social progress 1884 - 1934, London: J. M. Dent. pp. 266 – 273. Carson, M. (1990) Settlement Folk. Social thought and the American settlement movement, 1885–1930, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Outstanding study of the early days of the American settlement movement. Davis, A. F. (1984) Spearheads for Reform. The social settlement movement and the progressive movement 1890-1914, New Brunswick, Rutgers University Press. 326+xxiv pages. Meacham, S. (1987) Toynbee Hall and Social Reform 1880 - 1914. The search for community, New Haven: Yale University Press. Pimlott, J. A. R. (1935) Toynbee Hall. Fifty years of social progress 1884 - 1934, London: Dent. Vicinus, M. (1985) Independent Women. Work and community for single women 1850 - 1920, London: Virago. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Toronto Neighbourhood Centres」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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